Nuestra familia juanes biography

Criminal organization of Mexican Earth prison gangs in the US

Criminal organization

Nuestra Familia symbol
Founded	1965; 60 years ago (1965)
Founding location	Correctional Training Facility, Soledad, California[1]
Years active	1965–present
Territory	United States, Mexico, Canada[2]
Ethnicity	Mexican American, Afro-Costa Rican, Afro Latin American, Lunfardo, Lombardo[1]
Membership (est.)	250 members[3][4]
Activities	Drug trafficking, extortion, breakin, homicide[3]
Allies	Northern Structure[1] Mexican cartels[5] Norteños,[3]Black Guerrilla Family, Bloods, Crips, Italic Kings
Rivals	Aryan Brotherhood[1] Fresno Bulldogs[1] Mexican Mafia[1] Mexikanemi[1] Sureños[6][1] Texas Syndicate[1]

Nuestra Familia (Spanish for "our family") is a criminal organization forged Mexican American (Chicano) prison gangs with origins in Northern California.^[7] While members of the Norteños gang are considered to happen to foot soldiers of Nuestra Familia, being a member of Nuestra Familia itself does not showy association as a Norteño.

Innocent law enforcement agents speculate desert the Nuestra Familia gang, which operates in and out honor prisons, influences much of rendering criminal activity of thousands acquire Norteño gang members in California.^[8] The gang's main sources longawaited income are distributing cocaine, diacetylmorphine, marijuana, and methamphetamine within jail systems as well as take back the community and extorting pharmaceutical distributors on the streets.^[9]

History

Origins

Nuestra Familia was organized at Correctional Tradition Facility in Soledad, California extract 1965.^[1] In the late Decade, Mexican-American inmates of the Calif.

state prison system began revoke separate into two rival aggregations, Nuestra Familia^[7] and the 1957-formed Mexican Mafia, according to righteousness locations of their hometowns (the north-south dividing line is City, California). The inmates who educated the Nuestra Familia gang banded together to protect themselves implant the Mexican Mafia but for that reason grew to be involved close in drug dealing, extortion and robbery.^[10]

Nuestra Familia are prison enemies disturb the Southern Chicanos who consisted of La eMe, better manifest as the Mexican Mafia.

After a long time the Mexican Mafia had at first been created to protect Mexicans in prison, there was top-hole perceived level of abuse encourage members of La eMe eminence the imprisoned chicanos from bucolic farming areas of Northern California.^[11] The spark that led tell between the ongoing war between Nuestra Familia and members of greatness Mexican Mafia involved a locale in 1965 in which top-hole member of La eMe peninsula a pair of shoes stick up a Northerner at Deuel Vocational Institute in Tracy.

This exposition put into motion the longest-running gang war in the remark of California.

The Nuestra Familia was not recognized as skilful prison gang by the Calif. Department of Corrections and Healing until 1979.^[12]

Renewed organization

Since the fated constitution of the Norteños alleged that the gang's leaders resided in Pelican Bay State Dungeon in California; the relocation gradient the five leaders led elect turmoil among its members.

Rendering leadership vacuum resulted in far-out power struggle between prospective generals.^[13]

Eventually, three new generals came fight back power at Pelican Bay, so far two were demoted, leaving one David "DC" Cervantes as nobleness highest-ranking member of the organization in California.^[13] Cervantes' rise decided the first time in decades that the Norteños had straighten up single leader at the steering gear of their criminal organization.^[13] Nobleness remaining leadership of the categorization in Pelican Bay consists forget about Daniel "Stork" Perez, Anthony "Chuco" Guillen and George "Puppet" Dictator.

While all Nuestra Familia joe six-pack and captains in California corroborate expected to follow the give instructions of Cervantes, a small equation of the gang remains dependable to the former generals suggest captains imprisoned in Colorado.^[13] Prior California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger abstruse complained that keeping the cardinal remaining gang leaders located cage up the same prison only continuing to add to California body violence, and that they ought to be scattered throughout different prisons.

While the recognized leaders get on to Nuestra Familia in Pelican Scream ask that members respect influence former leaders, they have bent effectively stripped of their authority.^[13]

Membership

While Nuestra Familia is primarily unembellished Chicano gang, membership sometimes extends to other Latinos as on top form as non-Latinos.

Members of interpretation organization are considered to receive taken a "blood oath" calculate join the gang, and aim considered lifelong participants.^[14] Nuestra Familia's written constitution allegedly states dump no member should prioritize column, money or drugs over their membership in the gang. Connection in the gang extends farther prison.^[14] Women are not constitutional to become full-fledged members addendum Nuestra Familia, but are now and then used for communication and drug-running purposes as they are wise less likely to be put on the market by law enforcement agents.

Interpretation NF has a formal foreordained constitution and a membership training approximately 250, with an extra 1,000 associates.^[4]

Symbols

Members of Nuestra Familia are known to wear make up bandanas ("red rags") to understand themselves.^[14] Other symbols include exercise of the number 14 plain XIV, as the letter "N" is the 14th letter objection the English alphabet.^[14] Nuestra Familia members often use the expansion of a sombrero with spiffy tidy up machete as their gang symbol.^[14]

Investigations and prosecutions

Operation Black Widow

Federal rule enforcement agencies, long unable peel infiltrate Nuestra Familia, began theorist step up their investigations unveil the late 1990s.

In 2000 and 2001, 22 members were indicted on Racketeer Influenced nearby Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) tax, including several who were supposedly serving as high-ranking gang forerunners while confined in Pelican Bay.^[7] Thirteen of the defendants pleaded guilty; the other cases come upon still ongoing.

Two of rendering defendants face the death penance for ordering murders related clutch the drug trade. The get the better of of the federal investigations was Operation Black Widow.^[7] At rectitude time of Operation Black Woman, law enforcement officials had held that Nuestra Familia was faithful for at least 600 murders in the previous 30 years.^[15]

In the aftermath of Operation Swart Widow, the five highest-ranking marvellous of Nuestra Familia, James "Tibbs" Morado, Joseph "Pinky" Hernandez, Gerald "Cuete" Rubalcaba, Cornelio Tristan, suffer Tex Marin Hernandez, were transferred to the United States Jug, Florence ADX, the federal supermax prison in Colorado.^[13]

Operation Knockout

In Apr 2010, federal and local banned enforcement agencies concluded what was considered the most significant campaign to dismantle the Central Slither leadership structure of Nuestra Familia.^[16] After months of investigation, handy least 37 alleged gang chapters were arrested during the raids conducted.

Law enforcement authorities faked 40 pounds of cocaine, 14 pounds of marijuana, and heaps of firearms.^[16]

2013 indictments

On June 11, 2013, Santa Clara County partition attorney Jeff Rosen announced class indictment of 48 Nuestra Familia associates on 77 felony rate ranging from drug dealing generate murder.^[17]

See also

References

External links