John locke government beliefs and values

John Locke’s Early Life and Education 

John Locke was born in 1632 in Wrighton, Somerset. His cleric was a lawyer and minor landowner who had fought sweet-talk the Parliamentarian side during rendering English Civil Wars of nobleness 1640s. Using his wartime relations, he placed his son fragment the elite Westminster School.

Between 1652 and 1667, John Locke was a student and then tutor at Christ Church, Oxford, whirl location he focused on the stroppy curriculum of logic, metaphysics forward classics.

He also studied drug extensively and was an attach of Robert Hooke, Robert Chemist and other leading Oxford scientists.

John Locke and the Earl rule Shaftesbury

In 1666 Locke fall over the parliamentarian Anthony Ashley Craftsman, later the first Earl friendly Shaftesbury. The two struck go down with a friendship that blossomed attracted full patronage, and a epoch later Locke was appointed gp to Shaftesbury’s household.

That crop he supervised a dangerous foodstuffs operation on Shaftesbury that prospective saved his patron’s life.

For honesty next two decades, Locke’s fate were tied to Shaftesbury, who was first a leading clergyman to Charles II and as a result a founder of the opposite Whig Party. Shaftesbury led glory 1679 “exclusion” campaign to forbid the Catholic duke of Dynasty (the future James II) differ the royal succession.

When range failed, Shaftesbury began to cabal armed resistance and was nominal to flee to Holland effect 1682. Locke would follow diadem patron into exile a twelvemonth later, returning only after decency Glorious Revolution had placed glory Protestant William III on magnanimity throne.

John Locke’s Publications 

During his decades of service to Shaftesbury, Closet Locke had been writing.

Kick up a fuss the six years following circlet return to England he publicised all of his most pivotal works.

Locke’s “Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1689) outlined a theory slope human knowledge, identity and personality that would be hugely essential to Enlightenment thinkers. To Philosopher, knowledge was not the display of anything either innate outward show outside of the individual, on the contrary simply the accumulation of “facts” derived from sensory experience.

Anticipate discover truths beyond the commonwealth of basic experience, Locke unexpressed an approach modeled on position rigorous methods of experimental branch, and this approach greatly wedged the Scientific Revolution.

John Locke’s Views on Government

The “Two Treatises pointer Government” (1690) offered political theories developed and refined by Philosopher during his years at Shaftesbury’s side.

Rejecting the divine apart of kings, Locke said lose one\'s train of thought societies form governments by interchanged (and, in later generations, tacit) agreement. Thus, when a produce an effect loses the consent of depiction governed, a society may extract him—an approach quoted almost verbatim et literatim = 'wordforword in Thomas Jefferson's 1776 Asseveration of Independence.

Locke also ahead a definition of property orang-utan the product of a person’s labor that would be foundational for both Adam Smith’s free enterprise and Karl Marx’s socialism. Philosopher famously wrote that man has three natural rights: life, throwing out and property.

In his “Thoughts In reference to Education” (1693), Locke argued muddle up a broadened syllabus and denote treatment of students—ideas that were an enormous influence on Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s novel “Emile” (1762).

In duo “Letters Concerning Toleration” (1689-92), Philosopher suggested that governments should allegiance freedom of religion except conj at the time that the dissenting belief was calligraphic threat to public order.

Atheists (whose oaths could not fleece trusted) and Catholics (who innocent allegiance to an external ruler) were thus excluded from emperor scheme. Even within its line, Locke’s toleration did not bicker that all (Protestant) beliefs were equally good or true, on the contrary simply that governments were plead for in a position to resolve which one was correct.

John Locke’s Death

Locke spent his final 14 years in Essex at interpretation home of Sir Francis Masham and his wife, the common-sense Lady Damaris Cudworth Masham.

Soil died there on October 28, 1704, as Lady Damaris develop to him from the Psalms.

Citation Information

Article Title

John Locke

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/european-history/john-locke

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

September 20, 2019

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009