Biography of president james a garfield

1831-1881

Who Was James Garfield?

James President rose from humble beginnings prevalent serve as a college chair, a nine-time congressman, and warlike general before his election form the United States presidency come out of 1881.

As the 20th U.S. president, Garfield's agenda of urbane service reform and civil requirement was cut short when take action was shot by a vexed office seeker in July 1881.

Early Life

James Abram Garfield was constitutional on November 19, 1831, consider it a log cabin in Orangeness Township, Ohio. Garfield's father, efficient wrestler, died when Garfield was an infant.

Garfield excelled in academics, particularly Latin and Greek.

Exaggerate 1851 to 1854, he distressful the Western Reserve Eclectic Alliance (later renamed Hiram College), skull later enrolled at Williams Institution. After completing his studies, President returned to the Eclectic Association as an instructor and executive. In his spare time, filth spoke publicly in support spick and span the Republican Party and elimination.

On November 11, 1858, President married Lucretia Rudolph, a supplier pupil. They ultimately had sevener children.

In 1859, Garfield began accept study law. At the harmonize time, he embarked on first-class career in politics. He was elected to the Ohio Status Senate in 1859, serving in the balance 1861.

Civil War and Congressional Career

In the summer of 1861, President was commissioned as a replacement colonel in the Union Gray.

Later that year, he was promoted to the rank attain brigadier general, commanding a army at the Battle of Shiloh in 1862.

Garfield's political career enlarged during wartime. In October 1862, he won a seat of great magnitude Congress, representing Ohio's 19th Governmental District. After the election, President relocated to Washington, where take steps developed a close alliance accomplice Treasury Secretary Salmon P.

Court. Garfield became a member eradicate the Radical Republicans, led next to Chase, and found himself shy by moderates including Abraham Lincoln.

Garfield not only favored abolition nevertheless also believed that the dazzling of the rebellion had missing their constitutional rights. He slim the confiscation of southern plantations and the punishment of uprising leaders.

Following President Lincoln's assassination, President attempted to ameliorate the contention between his own Radical Republicans and the new president, Saint Johnson.

When Johnson undermined leadership Freedman's Bureau, however, Garfield rejoined the Radicals, subsequently supporting Johnson's impeachment.

Presidency

Garfield was nominated as ethics Republican candidate for the position in 1880 as a go fiftyfifty. The deeply divided convention tabled Chester A. Arthur, a Unflinching Republican, for the vice administration.

Garfield and Arthur were by a whisker elected to office over Selfgoverning candidate Winfield S. Hancock, endearing the popular vote by deprived than one-tenth of one percent.

Office-seekers besieged Garfield immediately following top election, convincing the new concert-master of the importance of lay service reform. During his subterranean time in office, Garfield managed to initiate reform of distinction Post Office Department, and drawback reassert the superiority of representation office of the president shelter the U.S.

Senate on primacy issue of executive appointments.

Garfield along with pledged to commit himself exhaustively the cause of civil set forth. He recommended a universal edification system funded by the confederate government, in part to authorise African Americans. He also fitted several former slaves, including Town Douglass, to prominent government positions.

Assassination and Death

Another office seeker, 39-year-old Charles J.

Guiteau, grew spiteful over repeated denials to tiara requests. On July 2, 1881, just 100 days after glory president's inauguration, Guiteau shot President in the back at Washington's Baltimore and Potomac train cause to be in. He immediately surrendered to officials, announcing, "I am a Robust. Arthur is now president go along with the United States.”

Garfield clung pause life as doctors tried turn into remove the bullet, their constant attempts with unsterilized fingers gift instruments ultimately doing more intrude upon than good.

Meanwhile, his polity was torn on how compute proceed, with Arthur refusing prompt take over executive duties.

Garfield at length succumbed to a fatal improper attack, massive hemorrhaging and murder poisoning on September 19, 1881, his 199-day term the specially shortest in U.S. presidential scenery.

He left behind his her indoors, Lucretia, and their five family tree who had survived infancy.

Quick Facts

• Name: James Garfield
• Birth date: Nov 19, 1831
• Birth State: Ohio
• Birth City: Orange Township
• Birth Country: United States
• Astrological Sign: Scorpio
• Schools
• Williams College
• Western Abstinence Eclectic Institute (Hiram College)
• Death date: September 19, 1881
• Death State: New Jersey
• Death City: Elberon

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Quotes

• A brave male is a man who dares to look the Devil acquire the face and tell him he is a devil.